{"id":239751,"date":"2026-07-28T16:41:49","date_gmt":"2026-07-28T14:41:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.whiteshield.net\/konyvtarlistazas-mint-biztonsagi-kockazat-miert-veszelyes-a-directory-listing\/"},"modified":"2026-07-28T16:41:49","modified_gmt":"2026-07-28T14:41:49","slug":"konyvtarlistazas-mint-biztonsagi-kockazat-miert-veszelyes-a-directory-listing","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.whiteshield.net\/hu\/konyvtarlistazas-mint-biztonsagi-kockazat-miert-veszelyes-a-directory-listing\/","title":{"rendered":"K\u00f6nyvt\u00e1rlist\u00e1z\u00e1s mint biztons\u00e1gi kock\u00e1zat | Mi\u00e9rt vesz\u00e9lyes a directory listing?"},"content":{"rendered":"

A k\u00f6nyvt\u00e1rlist\u00e1z\u00e1s mint biztons\u00e1gi kock\u00e1zat<\/b><\/h1>\n

A legt\u00f6bb t\u00e1mad\u00e1s nem s\u00e9r\u00fcl\u00e9kenys\u00e9gekkel kezd\u0151dik, hanem inform\u00e1ci\u00f3gy\u0171jt\u00e9ssel. Ehhez pedig sokszor m\u00e9g k\u00fcl\u00f6nleges eszk\u00f6z\u00f6kre sincs sz\u00fcks\u00e9g, hiszen maga a webszerver is k\u00e9szs\u00e9gesen megmutatja, hol \u00e9s mit \u00e9rdemes megn\u00e9zni.<\/span><\/p>\n

Az inform\u00e1ci\u00f3khoz val\u00f3 hozz\u00e1f\u00e9r\u00e9s egyszer\u0171 m\u00f3dja p\u00e9ld\u00e1ul a k\u00f6nyvt\u00e1rlist\u00e1z\u00e1s, mely az \u00e1tlagos felhaszn\u00e1l\u00f3 sz\u00e1m\u00e1ra ugyan legfeljebb csak egy f\u00e1jllista, egy tapasztalt t\u00e1mad\u00f3 sz\u00e1m\u00e1ra azonban olyan, mintha egy irodah\u00e1z recepci\u00f3j\u00e1n ott hagyn\u00e1nk az emeletek alaprajz\u00e1t, a szob\u00e1k felirat\u00e1t \u00e9s a dolgoz\u00f3k n\u00e9vsor\u00e1t. Ett\u0151l m\u00e9g senki sem jut be az \u00e9p\u00fcletbe \u2013 viszont pontosan tudni fogja, mikor \u00e9s melyik ajt\u00f3n \u00e9rdemes el\u0151sz\u00f6r kopogtatni.<\/span><\/p>\n

Mi az a k\u00f6nyvt\u00e1rlist\u00e1z\u00e1s?<\/b><\/h2>\n

K\u00f6nyvt\u00e1rlist\u00e1z\u00e1sr\u00f3l akkor besz\u00e9l\u00fcnk, amikor egy webszerver egy adott k\u00f6nyvt\u00e1r tartalm\u00e1t automatikusan megjelen\u00edti a l\u00e1togat\u00f3k sz\u00e1m\u00e1ra. Ez jellemz\u0151en akkor t\u00f6rt\u00e9nik meg, ha az adott mapp\u00e1ban nincs alap\u00e9rtelmezett kezd\u0151oldal, a webszerver konfigur\u00e1ci\u00f3ja pedig enged\u00e9lyezi a k\u00f6nyvt\u00e1r tartalm\u00e1nak b\u00f6ng\u00e9sz\u00e9s\u00e9t. Ilyenkor a b\u00f6ng\u00e9sz\u0151 nem hiba\u00fczenetet jelen\u00edt meg, hanem egyszer\u0171en felsorolja a k\u00f6nyvt\u00e1rban tal\u00e1lhat\u00f3 f\u00e1jlokat \u00e9s alk\u00f6nyvt\u00e1rakat.<\/span><\/p>\n

Mi\u00e9rt jelent ez biztons\u00e1gi kock\u00e1zatot?<\/b><\/h2>\n

\u00d6nmag\u00e1ban egy f\u00e1jln\u00e9v vagy k\u00f6nyvt\u00e1rstrukt\u00fara megismer\u00e9se m\u00e9g nem jelent k\u00f6zvetlen hozz\u00e1f\u00e9r\u00e9st az adatokhoz. A val\u00f3di kock\u00e1zat abb\u00f3l ad\u00f3dik, hogy a k\u00f6nyvt\u00e1rlist\u00e1z\u00e1s r\u00e9szletes k\u00e9pet adhat az alkalmaz\u00e1s fel\u00e9p\u00edt\u00e9s\u00e9r\u0151l. A t\u00e1mad\u00f3nak \u00edgy nem kell id\u0151t ford\u00edtania a rendszer felt\u00e9rk\u00e9pez\u00e9s\u00e9re: a szerver gyakorlatilag saj\u00e1t maga mutatja meg, milyen k\u00f6nyvt\u00e1rak, f\u00e1jlok \u00e9s komponensek \u00e9rhet\u0151k el.<\/span><\/p>\n

Senior pentesterk\u00e9nt mi is azt tapasztaljuk, hogy a t\u00e1mad\u00f3k els\u0151k\u00e9nt nem a kritikus s\u00e9r\u00fcl\u00e9kenys\u00e9geket keresik, hanem azt vizsg\u00e1lj\u00e1k meg, milyen inform\u00e1ci\u00f3kat \u00e1rul el mag\u00e1r\u00f3l a rendszer.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Ennek oka egyszer\u0171: egy nyitva hagyott k\u00f6nyvt\u00e1rlista gyakran t\u00f6bbet mond, mint egy hossz\u00fa technikai dokument\u00e1ci\u00f3. K\u00fcl\u00f6n\u00f6sen jelent\u0151s a probl\u00e9ma akkor, ha a list\u00e1zott k\u00f6nyvt\u00e1rak olyan \u00e1llom\u00e1nyokat is tartalmaznak, amelyeket eredetileg nem nyilv\u00e1nos el\u00e9r\u00e9sre sz\u00e1ntak. Ilyenek lehetnek a kor\u00e1bbi alkalmaz\u00e1sverzi\u00f3k, a biztons\u00e1gi ment\u00e9sek, az export\u00e1lt adatok, a tesztel\u00e9si f\u00e1jlok, a dokument\u00e1ci\u00f3k, a konfigur\u00e1ci\u00f3s \u00e1llom\u00e1nyok vagy a napl\u00f3f\u00e1jlok is.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00d6nmagukban ezek az \u00e1llom\u00e1nyok nem felt\u00e9tlen\u00fcl jelentenek incidenskock\u00e1zatot. Egy r\u00e9gi alkalmaz\u00e1scsomag azonban el\u00e1rulhatja, milyen technol\u00f3gi\u00e1k futnak a h\u00e1tt\u00e9rben, a konfigur\u00e1ci\u00f3s \u00e1llom\u00e1ny pedig betekint\u00e9st adhat a rendszer logikai fel\u00e9p\u00edt\u00e9s\u00e9be. Egy elfelejtett dokument\u00e1ci\u00f3 pedig olyan v\u00e9gpontokra vagy szolg\u00e1ltat\u00e1sokra utalhat, amelyekr\u0151l az \u00fczemeltet\u0151k tal\u00e1n m\u00e1r r\u00e9g megfeledkeztek. Ezek az inform\u00e1ci\u00f3morzs\u00e1k azt\u00e1n egy\u00fcttesen, l\u00e9p\u00e9senk\u00e9nt vezetik el a t\u00e1mad\u00f3t a c\u00e9lj\u00e1hoz<\/span><\/p>\n

Mennyire gyakori ez napjainkban?<\/b><\/h2>\n

A k\u00f6nyvt\u00e1rlist\u00e1z\u00e1s enged\u00e9lyez\u00e9se tov\u00e1bbra is rendszeresen el\u0151fordul\u00f3 konfigur\u00e1ci\u00f3s hi\u00e1nyoss\u00e1g a <\/span>penetr\u00e1ci\u00f3s tesztek<\/span><\/a> sor\u00e1n. \u00c1ltal\u00e1ban az\u00e9rt, mert egy \u00e9vekkel kor\u00e1bban l\u00e9trehozott tesztk\u00f6rnyezet, archiv\u00e1lt alkalmaz\u00e1sverzi\u00f3 vagy ideiglenes k\u00f6nyvt\u00e1r egyszer\u0171en \u201eott felejt\u0151dik”.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Csakhogy m\u00edg a rendszer k\u00f6zben fejl\u0151dik \u00e9s \u00faj komponensek ker\u00fclnek be, a r\u00e9gi tartalmak v\u00e1ltozatlanul el\u00e9rhet\u0151k maradnak. Mivel az ilyen k\u00f6nyvt\u00e1rak gyakran k\u00edv\u00fcl esnek a napi \u00fczemeltet\u00e9s l\u00e1t\u00f3k\u00f6r\u00e9n, a tart\u00f3s hozz\u00e1f\u00e9rhet\u0151s\u00e9g val\u00f3di vesz\u00e9lyfaktor, hiszen a s\u00e9r\u00fcl\u00e9kenys\u00e9g kock\u00e1zata val\u00f3j\u00e1ban nincs ar\u00e1nyban jav\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1nak neh\u00e9zs\u00e9g\u00e9vel.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

A megold\u00e1s ugyanis egyszer\u0171: a legt\u00f6bb esetben elegend\u0151 a k\u00f6nyvt\u00e1rlist\u00e1z\u00e1s kikapcsol\u00e1sa, a webszerver megfelel\u0151 konfigur\u00e1l\u00e1sa \u00e9s a nyilv\u00e1nosan el\u00e9rhet\u0151 \u00e1llom\u00e1nyok rendszeres fel\u00fclvizsg\u00e1lata.<\/span><\/p>\n

Egy konfigur\u00e1ci\u00f3s hiba <\/b>m\u00e9g<\/i><\/b> nem hiba<\/b><\/h2>\n

A k\u00f6nyvt\u00e1rlist\u00e1z\u00e1s j\u00f3l p\u00e9ld\u00e1zza, hogy az inform\u00e1ci\u00f3biztons\u00e1g nem kiz\u00e1r\u00f3lag \u00f6sszetett t\u00e1mad\u00e1si technik\u00e1kr\u00f3l vagy kifinomult s\u00e9r\u00fcl\u00e9kenys\u00e9gekr\u0151l sz\u00f3l. S\u0151t, sokszor \u00e9ppen azok a l\u00e1tsz\u00f3lag jelent\u00e9ktelen konfigur\u00e1ci\u00f3s hib\u00e1k adj\u00e1k meg azt a kontextust, amelyre egy t\u00e1mad\u00f3 a k\u00f6vetkez\u0151 l\u00e9p\u00e9seit \u00e9p\u00edti.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Egy tapasztalt t\u00e1mad\u00f3 nem pr\u00f3b\u00e1l azonnal bet\u00f6rni. El\u0151sz\u00f6r megfigyel \u00e9s azt keresi, milyen inform\u00e1ci\u00f3kat oszt meg mag\u00e1r\u00f3l \u00f6nk\u00e9nt az alkalmaz\u00e1s. A k\u00f6nyvt\u00e1rlist\u00e1z\u00e1s \u00e9ppen ez\u00e9rt \u00f6nmag\u00e1ban nem vesz\u00e9lyes, de aggaszt\u00f3 m\u00e9rt\u00e9kben ler\u00f6vid\u00edti ezt a felder\u00edt\u00e9si folyamatot.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ez\u00e9rt mi a Whiteshield-n\u00e1l azt valljuk, hogy egy <\/span>alkalmaz\u00e1sbiztons\u00e1gi fel\u00fclvizsg\u00e1lat<\/span><\/a>nak nem csup\u00e1n a klasszikus s\u00e9r\u00fcl\u00e9kenys\u00e9geket \u00e9rdemes keresnie. Fontos felt\u00e1rni azokat a m\u0171k\u00f6d\u00e9si saj\u00e1toss\u00e1gokat is, amelyek els\u0151 pillant\u00e1sra \u00e1rtalmatlannak t\u0171nnek, egy tapasztalt t\u00e1mad\u00f3 sz\u00e1m\u00e1ra azonban \u00e9rt\u00e9kes kiindul\u00f3pontot jelenthetnek.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ha nem biztos abban, hogy webalkalmaz\u00e1sa milyen inform\u00e1ci\u00f3kat \u00e1rul el egy k\u00fcls\u0151 szeml\u00e9l\u0151 sz\u00e1m\u00e1ra, \u00e9rdemes id\u0151r\u0151l id\u0151re alkalmaz\u00e1sbiztons\u00e1gi fel\u00fclvizsg\u00e1latot v\u00e9gezni. Egy j\u00f3l fel\u00e9p\u00edtett penetration test ugyanis nemcsak a s\u00e9r\u00fcl\u00e9kenys\u00e9geket t\u00e1rja fel, hanem azokat a kev\u00e9sb\u00e9 l\u00e1tv\u00e1nyos m\u0171k\u00f6d\u00e9si saj\u00e1toss\u00e1gokat is, amelyek egy tapasztalt t\u00e1mad\u00f3 sz\u00e1m\u00e1ra \u00e9rt\u00e9kes kiindul\u00f3pontot jelenthetnek.<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n

Vegye fel vel\u00fcnk a kapcsolatot,<\/span><\/i><\/a> \u00e9s n\u00e9zz\u00fck meg egy\u00fctt, mit mutat meg alkalmaz\u00e1sa a k\u00fclvil\u00e1gnak!<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

A k\u00f6nyvt\u00e1rlist\u00e1z\u00e1s mint biztons\u00e1gi kock\u00e1zat A legt\u00f6bb t\u00e1mad\u00e1s nem s\u00e9r\u00fcl\u00e9kenys\u00e9gekkel kezd\u0151dik, hanem inform\u00e1ci\u00f3gy\u0171jt\u00e9ssel. Ehhez pedig sokszor m\u00e9g k\u00fcl\u00f6nleges eszk\u00f6z\u00f6kre sincs sz\u00fcks\u00e9g, hiszen maga a webszerver is k\u00e9szs\u00e9gesen megmutatja, hol \u00e9s mit \u00e9rdemes megn\u00e9zni. Az inform\u00e1ci\u00f3khoz val\u00f3 hozz\u00e1f\u00e9r\u00e9s egyszer\u0171 m\u00f3dja p\u00e9ld\u00e1ul a k\u00f6nyvt\u00e1rlist\u00e1z\u00e1s, mely az \u00e1tlagos felhaszn\u00e1l\u00f3 sz\u00e1m\u00e1ra ugyan legfeljebb csak egy f\u00e1jllista, egy tapasztalt t\u00e1mad\u00f3 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":239748,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"content-type":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[88,74,33],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-239751","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-infrastructure-2","category-pentesting","category-web-application-test-hu"],"yoast_head":"\nK\u00f6nyvt\u00e1rlist\u00e1z\u00e1s mint biztons\u00e1gi kock\u00e1zat | Mi\u00e9rt vesz\u00e9lyes a directory listing? - Whiteshield Ethical Hacking<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"A directory listing felgyors\u00edthatja a t\u00e1mad\u00f3k felder\u00edt\u00e9si folyamat\u00e1t. Tudja meg, milyen inform\u00e1ci\u00f3kat fedhet fel egy hib\u00e1s webszerver-konfigur\u00e1ci\u00f3, \u00e9s hogyan cs\u00f6kkenthet\u0151 a kock\u00e1zat.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.whiteshield.net\/hu\/konyvtarlistazas-mint-biztonsagi-kockazat-miert-veszelyes-a-directory-listing\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"hu_HU\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"K\u00f6nyvt\u00e1rlist\u00e1z\u00e1s mint biztons\u00e1gi kock\u00e1zat | Mi\u00e9rt vesz\u00e9lyes a directory listing? - Whiteshield Ethical Hacking\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"A directory listing felgyors\u00edthatja a t\u00e1mad\u00f3k felder\u00edt\u00e9si folyamat\u00e1t. 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